Komi Industry 4.0 ani fɛnw dilanni hakilitigiw be globo, tagamasiɲɛw labɛncogo, sabu yɔrɔ kɔrɔtaninw minw be mekaniki, elekitoroniki ani kunnafoni fɛɛrɛw siri ɲɔgɔn na, olu be bi izini ɲɛda yɛlɛma ni dunni ye min ɲɔgɔn ma deli ka kɛ. Ka bɔ chip bilayɔrɔw la ni mikron- nivo lɔyɔrɔ ye ka kɛɲɛ ni fɛnw ye minw be se ka yɛlɛma yɛlɛma ka kɛ robow ye minw be se ka yɛlɛma yɛlɛma miniti kelen kɔnɔ, kuran mobili kuraw kan; ka bɔ 5-axis CNC masin minɛnw na ni tiɲɛtigiya ye min ka dɔgɔ ni 0,01 mm ye min ka bon ni 0,01 mm ye min ka bon ni -speed tɛrɛn ye ka taga n’a ye mobili minw be mɔgɔw ɲɛminɛ (AGVs) minw be baara kɛ ni 24/7 ye, minw be baara kɛ ni fɛnw ye minw be se ka yɛlɛma yɔrɔ wɛrɛw la, u bɛɛ be jigi la fɛɛrɛw kan. Motion kɔlɔsili fɛɛrɛw tɛ "nɛrɛmuguman" dɔrɔn ye min be sɔrɔ yɔrɔ bɛɛ, nka a be se ka kɛ fana jamana ka ɲɔgɔndan ye min be kɛ ni ɲɔgɔndan ye.
Lizini kɔfɛyɔrɔ: Sira min be yɛlɛma ka bɔ mekanikali yɛlɛmani na ka taga se hakilidiya ma .
Lamagacogo kɔlɔsili fɛɛrɛ kɔrɔ ye ka baarakɛminanw (i n’a fɔ motɛriw ani jikuruw) ka teliya, u lɔyɔrɔ wala u ka yɛlɛmani kɔlɔsi tigitigi walisa ka fɛɛnw kɔlɔsininw ka tagama ka kɛɲɛ ni sira wala cogoya dɔ ye min latigɛra ka kɔn. A ka yiriwali tariki ye tariki surun ye min b’a yira ko izini ka fɛɛrɛw yɛlɛmana: Sanni saan 1950 ka se, mekaniki kamera ni ji servo mekanisimuw lo tun be mɔgɔw fɛ. Nka, k’a sababu kɛ ko u tun be ɲɔgɔn minɛ cogo gwɛlɛman na ani u tun be baara kɛ ni bolo ye, o fɛɛrɛw tun be baara kɛ dɔɔni dɔɔni ani u tun tɛ baara kɛ cogo ɲuman na, u tun be baara nɔgɔmanw dɔrɔn lo mako wasa i n’a fɔ fani dilan masinw ani sɛbɛw bɔlanw. San 1960 ni 1970 cɛ, DC servo motɛriw ni analogu sɛrɛkiliw bɔli fɛ, yɛlɛmayɛlɛmali kɔlɔsili y’a daminɛ ka yɛlɛma ka taga kuranko la, ani jatebɔlanw kɔlɔsili masinw (CNC) nali y’a to a donna tugun dilanni tilenninw na. 1980 saanw kɔ, yɛlɛmani minw kɛra AC servo fɛɛrɛw la ani mikroporosɛsiw (i n’a fɔ PLCw ani DSPw) ka mɔgɔw lalɔnniya, o y’a to yɛlɛmaniw kɛra ka bɔ “minɛn kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw” la ka kɛ “plateforme general-purpose ye,” ani baara tilannin ni baaraɲɔgɔnya min be kɛ porogaramu lozisiyɛliw kɔlɔsibagaw (PLCw) ani mo gradu controllers cɛ. Saan kɛmɛkulu 21nan na, ɛntɛrinɛti ka kunnafoniw (i n’a fɔ EtherCAT ani PROFINET), sensɔriw ka ɲɔgɔndan (encoder + vision + force sensing), ani hakilidiya dilaninw ka algorithme minw be ɲɔgɔn minɛ kosɔbɛ, o y’a to hakilitigiw ka tagamasiɲɛ kuraw bɔra. Olu tɛ paramɛtiriw dɔrɔn yɛlɛma wagati yɛrɛ yɛrɛ la walisa ka baarakɛcogo yɛlɛmayɛlɛmanw kunbɛn, nka u be se ka baara kɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ fana ɛntɛrɛnɛti sababu fɛ, min be kɛ fɛɛrɛ jɔnjɔn ye min be se ka baara kɛ ni hakilitigi ye.
Duniɲa kuru bɛɛ ka motion control sugu be ni ɲɔgɔndan sifa caaman ye sisan. Erɔpu jamanaw ka baarakɛyɔrɔw (i n’a fɔ Siemens ani Bosch Rexroth), minw b’u ka lɔnniyabaw ta mekatroniki la, u be fanga sɔrɔ CNC ani baarakɛminan girinmanw kan. Zapɔn ka dilanbagaw (i n’a fɔ Yaskawa ani Panasonic), minw tɔgɔ bɔra u ka lannaya n’u ka fitininw kosɔn, olu ka fisa ni tɔɔw ye ka baara kɛ ni ɔridinatɛri ni roboti ye. Ameriki baarakɛyɔrɔw (i n’a fɔ Rockwell ani Kollmorgen) b’u sinsin baarakɛcogo kuraw kan i n’a fɔ semikonduktɛriw ani sanfɛlafɛnw, u be sinsin ultra-kɔlɔsili sekow kan. Sinuwaw, min ye diɲɛ kɔnɔ fɛnw dilanyɔrɔba ye, o ye jamana kɔnɔ nɔnabila sɔrɔ servos gɛrɛntɛw la, mid- ani low-end PLCs, ani ka diɲɛ-ɲɛmɔgɔ fɛɛrɛw yiriwa iziniw la minw be yiriwara i n’a fɔ fotovoltaiki ani litiyɔmu batiriw politiki ɲɛminɛli sira fɛ (i n’a fɔ "Ma0novade in) yɔrɔw ka fɛnw i n’a fɔ Innovance Technologie ani Estun).
Lizini kɔrɔ: Multi-Dimiziyɔn ka nafa min be dɛmɛ don kosɔbɛ.
Fɛɛrɛ minw be se ka kɛ ka tagamasiɲɛw labɛn, u kɔrɔ tɛ tɛmɛ fɛɛrɛw yɛlɛmani kan. A fana be sɔrɔ u ka fanga sɔrɔli la min be kɛ ka kɛɲɛ ni iziniw ka yɛlɛmani ye, ka baarakɛcogo ɲuman sabati ani ka mɔgɔw ka nafa sɔrɔ.
A fɔlɔ, a be yɛlɛmaniba dɔ yira min be se ka kɛ sababu ye ka gɛlɛyaw ɲɛnabɔ minɛnw yiriwali la minw be baara kɛ ni minanbaw ye. Semi-conducteurs dilan minanw na, litografi masin ka wafer stade ka kan ka tagama santimɛtiri tan ɲɔgɔn na sekɔndi kelen kɔnɔ ni nanomɛtiri-nivo tiɲɛtigiya ye. A ka yɛlɛmaniw kɔlɔsili algorithme n’a kɔnɔfɛn jɔnjɔnw (i n’a fɔ motɛri lineerw ani encodeurs résolutionba-ba) be pupi dilan cogo sanfɛla dantigɛ ka ɲɛ. Aviyɔn motɛri ka nɛgɛw labɛnni na, mansin minɛn min be ni nɛgɛ duuru ye, o fili ka kan ka dɔgɔya ni milimɛtiri 0,005 ye, n’o tɛ, nɛgɛ ka fiɲɛminɛ baara tɛna ɲɛ. Fɔlɔ la, o fɛɛrɛ sugu min be mɔgɔw lasun u ka yɛlɛmayɛlɛma, o tun be jamana wɛrɛw bolo kabini wagati jan, o min tun be iziniw yiriwali bali i n’a fɔ awiyɔnbaw ani furakɛli jaaw bɔli minanw minw be mɔgɔw lasun u ka baara kɛ n’u ye n’ ka jamana na. Saan tɛmɛninw na, jamana kɔnɔ dilanbagaw ka ɲɛtaga minw kɛra yɔrɔ jɔnjɔnw na i n’a fɔ servo drive ani real-time operating systems (RTOS), o ma dɔ bɔ minɛnw sɔngɔ la dɔrɔn (ni fɛn dɔw sɔngɔ jigira ni 40% ni kɔ ye), nka o y’a to fana izinibaara ka lakana be sɔrɔ.
A filanan, a be kɛ "pont neuronal" ye ka yɛlɛmani don ka kɛ dilanni hakiliman ye. Fɛɛnw ka ɛntɛrinɛti lizinibaara la (IIoT) lɔcogo la, tagamasiɲɛw kɔlɔsili sisitɛmu be lɔyɔrɔba ta "baarakɛcogo yɔrɔ" la-lo a be baarakɛcogo cikanw sɔrɔ ka bɔ MES (Manufacturing Execution System) fɛ, a be baaraw tilan ka kɛ motɛriw ka tagamasiɲɛw kɛrɛnkɛrɛnninw ye minw be baara kɛ ni algorithme real{2}}w kɔlɔsili fɛɛrɛw ye. jaabiw. Ɲɛyirali fɛ, mobili dilanyɔrɔw la minw be se ka yɛlɛmayɛlɛma, fɛɛrɛ dɔ be se ka robo tan ni fila labɛn ɲɔgɔn fɛ ɲɔgɔn fɛ walisa ka mobili sifa caaman sɔgɔ ani k’u pɛntiri, o min b’a to yɛlɛmani wagati be dɔgɔya ka bɔ lɛri naani laada la ka kɛ miniti 10 ye. 3C elekitoroniki lajɛnba la, vision-guided motion control b’a to chip bila masinw be se ka fɛnw bilayɔrɔw n’u bilayɔrɔw dafa sekɔndi 0,1 kɔnɔ, o be dɔ fara sɔrɔ hakɛ kan ka se 99,99% ma. O "faamuyali-latigɛli-kɛli" ɲɔgɔndɛmɛ ɲuman ye jogo jɔnjɔn ye min be dilanni hakiliman ni laada ɔridinatɛri danfara.
A sabanan, a be baara kɛ i n'a fɔ "motɛri ɲuman" ka yiriwali binkɛnɛman ni karibɔni dɔgɔya-. Ni motɛri ka bɔli fanga n’a ka tagamasiɲɛw kɔlɔsira tigitigi, tagamasiɲɛw be se ka dɔ bɔ kuran tiɲɛni na kosɔbɛ. Ɲɛyirali fɛ, n’an be laada motɛriw yɛlɛma ni servo-motɛriw ye fani dilan masinw na, o be se ka dɔ bɔ kuran hakɛ la ni 30% ye. Lozisiyɛli sɛgɛsɛgɛli fɛɛrɛw la, AGV ka porogaramu algorithme minw basiginin be sira ɲumanw kan, olu be se ka dɔ bɔ kuran hakɛ bɛɛ la ni 25% ni kɔ ye. Ka fara o kan, ɲɛtaga minw kɛra yɛlɛmayɛlɛmali kɔlɔsili fɛɛrɛw la, olu fana ye motɛri fitininw dilan cogo nɔgɔman na- ani teliya ni sumaya wagati minw ka teli, o kɔrɔ ye ko minanw ni yɔrɔ minw be ta, u man ca, o min bɛnnin lo kosɔbɛ ni yiriwali sabatili laɲiniw ye minw be sɔrɔ "karibɔni fila" laɲiniw la.
A naaninan, a be kɛ kɔrɔbɔli yɔrɔ ye fɛɛrɛw ɲɔgɔndan n’u ka koo kuraw labɛnni na. Lamagacogo kɔlɔsili fɛɛrɛw ka gɛlɛya b’a to u be kɛ baarakɛcogo ɲuman ye fɛɛrɛ kuraw kama i n’a fɔ hakilidiya dilanin, minan kuraw ani kantumu lɔnniya. Kalan kɛcogo juguw be se ka kɛ ka mɔgɔw ladon ka ɲɛ, ka bearingw ka dɛsɛw lɔn ka kɔn ka yɛlɛmaniw ni funteni kunnafoniw sɛgɛsɛgɛ. Silisiyɔmu karibidi (SiC) fanga minɛnw baarali ye dɔ fara servo-drivew ka jaabili teliya kan siɲɛ 10. Kantumu jiroskɔpuw be ɲini ka jateminɛ kɛcogo ɲuman di sanfɛla tagamasiɲɛw ma. O baarakɛcogo min be kɛ ni lɔnniya caaman ye, o t’a to mɔgɔw be tagamacogo kɔlɔsi cogo min na, o tɛ dan o ma, nka a be baarakɛyɔrɔ kuraw fana latanga i n’a fɔ baarakɛyɔrɔw ka robow ani furakɛli robow minw be opereli kɛ.
Kuncɛli: Siniɲɛsigi ka sira jɔnjɔnw .
Ka bɔ mekaniki yɛlɛmani na funteni hakɛ la ka taga se baaraɲɔgɔnya hakiliman ma ɛntɛrinɛti wagati la, yɛlɛmani minw be kɛ ka tagamasiɲɛw labɛn, olu ka yiriwali be to ka kɛ ni adamadenw ka "sɛgɛsɛgɛli ye." Ka se ka diɲɛ kɔnɔ fɛnw dilanni ɲɔgɔndan juguya ani ka mako don joona joona jamana kɔnɔ iziniw labɛnni na, yɛlɛmani minw be kɛ ka mɔgɔw lasun u ka baara kɛ, o tɛ dɔrɔn ka “ jigi la fɛnw kan minw be bɔ jamana wɛrɛw la, minw be se ka-}end minanw ladon,” nka a be se ka kɛ sababu ye ka sɔrɔko yɛrɛ yɛrɛ labɛn ani ka sɔrɔko yɛrɛ yɛrɛ yiriwa. Baarakɛlaw fɛ, o be gɛlɛya fila bɛɛ yira (i n’a fɔ ka multi{5}}}akisisi labɛn ka ɲɛsin kɔlɔsili algorithmew ma ani ka yɔrɔw lɔnniya waleya) ani ka fɛn kuraw labɛn (i n’a fɔ robow ka ɲɔgɔndan kɔlɔsili ani mikrograviti labɛncogo labɛn ka ɲɛsin sanfɛla minanw ma). Jamana fɛ, wariko sabatili sɛgɛsɛgɛli jɔnjɔnw na (i n’a fɔ sɛgɛsɛgɛli min tɛ lineari ye), fɛn jɔnjɔnw (i n’a fɔ a ka bon-} waajibi mɔgɔw ani fanga modɛliw), ani izini ka ekosisite (i n’a fɔ sigiyɔrɔma ani seko yiriwali) o nafa ka bon kosɛbɛ ka se ka baara nin minɛ nin siya nin kɔnɔ min be ɲɔgɔndan kɛ siniɲɛsigi la.
Ni izini kuraw be yiriwara kosɔbɛ i n’a fɔ fɛnw dilanni hakilimanw, fanga kura ani biyɔmedisini, tagamasiɲɛw kɔlɔsili fɛɛrɛw tɛna kɛ --tulonkɛlaw kɔfɛ dɔrɔn ye tugun. Nka, u bena kɛ fɛɛrɛ ye min be izinibaara wagati nata yira, min be hakilitigiya di, min be se ka yɛlɛma ani min tɛ lamini nagasi.
